Enabling Catalysts for Biodiesel Production via Transesterification

With the rapid development of industry and increasing demand for transportation, traditional sources energy have been excessively consumed. Biodiesel as an alternative source has become a research focus. The most common method biodiesel production is transesterification, in which lipid low carbon alcohol are commonly used raw materials, presence catalyst. In process performance catalyst key factor yield. This paper reviews recent progress on homogeneous heterogeneous catalysts production. advantages disadvantages current acid base discussed, heteropolyacid biomass-derived described. applications derivatives ionic liquids/deep eutectic solvents nanocatalysts/magnetic reviewed. mechanism economic cost also analyzed. unique each type compared to better understand microscopic details behind biodiesel. Finally, some challenges summarized, future directions presented. review will provide general in-depth knowledge achievements, directions, priorities developing novel homogeneous/heterogeneous green cost-effective